INCIDÊNCIA DE VARIAÇÕES ANATÔMICAS EM PEÇAS CADAVÉRICAS HUMANAS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Abstract

Objective: To identify the average incidence of anatomical variations in studies conducted on human cadavers. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using publications obtained from Medline via PubMed and the Scientific Electronic Library Online Brazil (SciELO) in the years 2024 and 2025. The search strategy included the descriptors "variations," "anatomical," and "cadavers," combined with the Boolean operator AND. A total of 41 publications were identified, 6 from SciELO and 35 from PubMed. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 articles were selected for full-text reading, resulting in a final sample of 8 studies. Results: The evidence extracted from these 8 publications allowed for the identification of the main anatomical variants, as well as the overall prevalence of these variations. In total, the analyzed studies examined 238 cadavers, of which 48.3% presented some type of anatomical variation. Discussion: The findings reinforce the relevance of knowledge about anatomical variations, highlighting that anatomical models described in the literature may, in some cases, not accurately represent the morphological diversity observed in practice. Thus, understanding these differences is essential for improving academic training, anatomical education, and clinical practice, reducing potential diagnostic, surgical, and therapeutic errors resulting from a lack of familiarity with anatomical variations.