THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AS A FACTOR OF PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN ADULTS

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases comprise the main causes of death worldwide and encompass several diseases that affect the cardiovascular system as; coronary artery disease, valvular diseases, heart failure, among others. With the progression of diseases, there is the possibility of clinical complications such as acute myocardial infarction. Over the years, factors that could intervene in cardiovascular events, such as physical activities, were studied, whether to prevent or control heart disease. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of physical activity as a prevention factor for cardiovascular diseases through a systematic review, followed by a search strategy in the PubMed and Cochrane. Initially, 442 studies published between 2016 and 2021 were found. After analysis, 10 randomized clinical trials were selected and by Higgins' methodological quality, they were predominantly classified as low risk of bias. We infer that there is a favorable trend towards aerobic activities and anaerobic activity, being lactic or lactic, for the prevention of CVD, provided that the individual uses approximately 60%-80% of his heart rate, on a regular basis.