PRINCIPAIS PARASITOSES E DOENÇAS QUE ACOMETEM AS TILÁPIAS EM CATIVEIRO

REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Abstract

The aim of this course conclusion work is to do the bibliographic review about the main diseases and parasites, which affect the captivity of tilapia. The cultivation of this fish species has been growing in Brazil and in other countries of the world, mainly with intensive production which goal is to optimize the usage of available. In this way, the tilapia is an animal that shows several advantages in comparison with other aquatic organisms, like the facility to farming, handling, adaptation to different conditions, easy reproduction and high productivity. Those facts highlighted this animal inside national and world fish farming. Nevertheless, as the intensive system has as characteristic high densities of animal storage, makes favorable the development of some negative points, which must be observed, such as the streaming of diseases and parasitosis. The aquatic environment, by having a homogeneous characteristic, is favorable for the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms and parasites. It can be disseminated to fishes trough many ways: oral via (consumption of feed and water); skin and branchial via; by vectors and lesions caused by them; by noses and anus, vertical transmission (from mother to son); as well as trough eggs, like VIROSES. Those agents are responsible for big losses in the tilapia farming, so, its correct identification, monitoring and treatment are approached in this paper.